Eating The first part From the study of “the activity of the Muslim Brotherhood in the United States ” the role of Saeed Ramadan, the leader of the Brotherhood and the son-in-law of Hassan Al-Banna in engineering the group's relations abroad, as well as the strategy of the Brotherhood for Western societies and what was revealed by the document “A global strategy for Islamic policy ”, as well as highlighting the Brotherhood’s strategy to penetrate American society and its overall strategic goal, In addition to the role of “Ahmed Al-Qadi ” who was the spiritual father of the group in the United States.
Since its presence on American soil, the Brotherhood has worked to create a group of multi-faceted arms and tasks to form a wide ground for them among the Muslim community in the American interior to form a force that can be exploited and bet on in front of successive administrations, as well as work to penetrate some of the group's personalities into the departments of governance and decision-making And approaching them with the aim of achieving gains and protecting brotherly interests.
The group's arms in the United States
The Muslim Brotherhood benefited from the issuance of the Immigration and Nationality Law issued in 1965 to be the beginning of a major transformation in the group's penetration of the United States of America, due to the repeal of this law of immigration restrictions and the acquisition of citizenship imposed by previous immigration laws issued in 1923 and 1946, and as a result of this law A large number of Muslims in India, Pakistan and Southeast Asia, in addition to a large number of elements of the Brotherhood in Egypt, Especially in light of the fierce campaign carried out by the late President Jamal Abdel Nasser against the Brotherhood after trying to revive the group’s activity, and referring a large number of its members to the military judiciary in the case of Al-Nawasim 65, which numbered 23,922 papers.
The group began establishing entities and institutions for it through three main stations, the first station was through student work and was based on the exploitation of Arab and Muslim students in American educational circles, and the second station was based on the formation of social and professional organizations with the aim of providing social and cultural services to Muslims in America to increase Their association with the mother organization to ensure their continued loyalty to the group or the recruitment of new members, The third and final station is based on the establishment of political organizations to play a political role within the American community to serve the group's goals inside and outside the United States.
Student unions
The activity of the institutional brotherhood was not limited to associations only, but started from union work through a number of federations affiliated with the group at the beginning of its penetration into American society. The first union was established on January 1, 1962 at the American University of Illinois and later joined by federations from Indiana and Minnesota states and the number of members is estimated This union has about 15 people, which doubles in a few months to about 200 individuals.
The group also established the Union of Muslim Students in the United States and Canada in 1963, and sought entry to union work through the Union of Muslim Doctors in 1967, the Union of Islamic Doctors and Engineers in 1969, the Islamic Social Workers Union in 1971 and the Union of Islamic Social Scientists in 1972 and the Union of Islamic Engineers and Scientists in 1974, the Arab Muslim Youth League.
Organizations and institutions
- Muslim Students Association
It was established in 1968 and it was operating in the years before its establishment informally, and its primary goal before the approval of the new immigration and nationality law was to prepare and care for Arab and expatriate Muslim students in various American universities for their return to their home countries after the end of their studies to be active members in organizing the Brotherhood and the rest of Islam groups Political as a global qualification, which contributes to the arrival of these groups in power one day.
But after the law was passed, the association’s role turned to the settlement of these students in the United States, especially students with doctorate degrees in medicine, engineering, and other sciences for storming the American labor market and bringing their families and families from their countries, in order to establish an Islamic society based on organization and cohesion and able to influence American society Then expand to influence the American elite, administration, and congressmen, To advocate for the issues that the Brotherhood is focusing on at that time, for example “The Palestinian Issue – The Islamic Group in Pakistan – The Kashmir Case ”.
Investigations by the US Federal Bureau of Investigation in 2004 revealed an internal document of the Brotherhood proving their responsibility for establishing this association that embraced many symbols of terrorist groups and fundamentalist ideology such as “Anwar Al-Awlaki ” The spiritual inspiration for Al-Qaeda who assumed the presidency of the association branch at the American University of Colorado in a period As well as “Omar Shafiq Hamami ” Rami Zamzam ” A Taliban fighter who was a member of the association's branch at Washington University.
The former FBI agent John Gwandolo told the US CBN News in March 2011 that the Muslim Students Association was the primary purpose of its establishment “to evaluate Muslims, integrate them into the Muslim Brotherhood, and recruit non-Muslims into Islam as an advocacy entity, and invite them To Islam and then join the Brotherhood ”.
- Islamic Endowment in North America
Founded on May 23, 1973 based on a partnership with a budget of $ 340,000 between the Al-Amin Mosque in the city of Gary, Indiana, and the office “was Ann Arbar ” for book services in Michigan, and “global ” to print animation in Tacoma City, Washington, Maryland, and <TA In September 1976, the Islamic Endowment acquired a plot of land amounting to 124 acres west of Indiana Police Airport, Indiana, to build a building to be the permanent headquarters of the Muslim Student Union.
- Muslim Brotherhood Fund in America
The fund was established in the early seventies, and the Brotherhood Ahmed Al-Qadi assumed the position of Secretary-General of the Fund and was roaming the states to collect donations and participation shares, which were estimated at 3% of the total income of the Brotherhood, with the aim of financing the projects of the advocacy group, conferences and seminars, and printing and publishing books carried by the Brotherhood and others.
On October 28, 1974, a number of members of the Fund extracted the legal permits of “Missouri Pinovolant Corporation ”, headed by Ahmed Al-Qadi, Muhammad Shama, Vice President, Muhammad Jaghelet, Treasurer, and Rabi Ahmed, a member of the Board of Directors who became Secretary-General of the Muslim Students Union in 1979, Muzaffar Bartomah is a board member and
In 1984, Ahmed Al-Qadi assumed responsibility for the Brotherhood in America, left Louisiana, moved to Panama City, Florida, and established a medical center that is the largest in the state at a cost of approximately $ 2.5 million. The center included an Islamic school and a small mosque.
During Ahmed Al-Qadi’s leadership of the Brotherhood, he relied on a new organizational idea to evaluate and monitor performance based on the group’s Shura Council, which is under the supervision of the Brotherhood official, issuing executive decisions that are distributed to different regions of the United States, and officials of those regions distribute them to members until they reach the simple member of the Brotherhood Which represents the end of the organizational pyramid, This was reflected in the performance of the group, which appeared very differently from the point of view of focusing on the major goals of advancing the group's position in American society.
- Islamic Circle of North America
It was officially approved in 1979 but has been doing actual work since 1968 and is part of the Muslim Students Association, and its work initially focused on education and spiritual development for American Muslims, and with the beginning of the eighties the organization expanded and started launching a number of expansionary projects to attract more members and allocate activities For women and girls, It established a branch in Jamaica, as well as expanding the establishment of branches in various US states. The department formed a special council for social justice in 2009 and cooperated with many other organizations affiliated with the Brotherhood to achieve complementarity between them.
- Union of American Islamists for Palestine
That union was established in 1981 in implementation of the directives of the international organization of the group to create a committee for Palestine at the level of the Brotherhood organizations in any country in which it is located, and the union was very active after the Palestinian uprising in 1987 and its first members were Sheikh Omar Al-Sabouni, Muhammad Jaglit, Muhammad Al-Hanouti, Musa Abu Marzouk, Jamal Saeed, and their association with the cadres of the Palestinian Brotherhood
The Federation, through the media office, carried out awareness-raising and spreading the issue, to create a state of momentum among the Muslim community in America on the one hand, and to prepare for the announcement of the establishment of Hamas, the Brotherhood branch in Palestine at the end of 1987 on the other hand.
Musa Abu Marzouk, the deputy head of the Hamas political office, was currently working on finding sources to finance the coalition during 1988 in various ways to provide the necessary funds for the fledgling Hamas movement. A number of union leaders met on October 3, 1993 in Philadelphia in the presence of Omar Ahmed, Nihad Awad, head of the Hamas military wing. It was monitored by the American security services, She emphasized that he concluded that it is necessary to enter the ranks of the Muslim masses in America more to collect donations and work to play a more active role in the case with the aim of excluding the Palestine Liberation Organization.
- Islamic Society of North America
Founded in January 1983 by a number of active students at the Muslim Students Association in Indiana, its goals initially centered on religious and social issues mainly to document the confidence of Muslims in America in their religion, and to create links between families and different generations by organizing annual conferences that are an opportunity for acquaintance and sometimes marriage Among the community.
But the association then developed itself to enter the political field through the establishment of the Verbal Council of North America with the aim of achieving a real political weight for the association and its members in the United States. That association was clearly bearing the brotherly thought, as the association’s press in 1990 published a translated version of the book “milestones in The Way ” for ”, as well as the cover of its monthly magazine <GApril 1999 The image of the founder of the Brotherhood “Hassan Al-Banna ” The number was entirely about his thoughts, person and upbringing, but that matter did not last long, as a major shift in the association’s policy occurred after the events of September 11, 2001 and the group’s fatwa complex issued fatwas against Terrorism, but it is likely that this change was only formal in order
What reinforces the possibility that the change was only formal, the proceedings of the thirty-eighth conference of the association, which was held at the conference center in Hatford, Connecticut on May 28, 2011, as most of the attendees were members of the group, raising its logo and chanting its traditional chants.
- Saar Foundation
It was established on July 23, 1983 in the city of Herindon, Virginia. The Foundation’s Board of Directors is from Hisham Yahya Al-Talib, Jamal Al-Din Barzinji, Ahmed Al-Haj Totongi, Ismail Al-Farouki, Abdel Hamid Suleiman and others from an Arab bank, and it was aimed at serving Muslims in the Middle East and Asia and at its beginning relied on donations but turned into Big investments later.
She was receiving approximately $ 20 million annually and went to fund student scholarships for Muslims wishing to study in the United States, and quickly became a distinctive sign in America in the 1980s and has huge investments in real estate, food and juices after purchasing Mar Jacques in Georgia and setting up its own factory, It opened branches in Chile and Zimbabwe.
The Saar Foundation funded a number of organizations affiliated with the Brotherhood in America, such as the International Institute of Islamic Thought and the Islamic Society of North America, among others, and the Foundation was liquidated in December 2000.
- International Institute of Islamic Thought
It was established in 1985 in the state of Virginia with the aim of training and educating preachers and scholars in the field of social sciences Islamization and engaging in this field through writing and speaking in a wide media way, and the Institute directed a large part of its interest in publishing influential books in the Islamic world in various fields and succeeded in obtaining 25 Million dollars from the Islamic Development Bank in support of this project.
The idea of the institute stemmed from the intellectual conferences that the group was holding in Europe. In 1973, the group organized its first intellectual conference in the house of Youssef Nada, the well-known brotherly leader, and then followed it with another conference in 1977 in the Swiss city of Lugana, and after the establishment of the institute, Abdul Hamid Abu Suleiman, founder The International Association of Islamic Youth served as Chairman of the Board, and Ismail Al-Farouki, The membership of Taha Jaber Al-Alwani from the World Assembly of Islamic Youth, Jamal Al-Din Barzinji and Anwar Ibrahim.
- The Fiocia of North America
This complex was established in 1986 and follows the Islamic Society of North America and its idea started from the Committee of Religious Affairs of the Union of Muslim Students and developed into a juristic committee. The complex was registered on June 14, 1994 in the state of Virginia, and Taha Jaber Al-Alwani, Jamal Al-Din Barzeneji and Abdul Rahman Al-Amoudi took over. Great support from the International Institute of Islamic Thought and the Saar Foundation.
- Holy Land Relief and Development Organization
From the womb of the Islamic Union for Palestine, that organization, which was established in 1988 and which was established by the group, was born to be a cover for collecting donations and funds under the pretext of helping the Palestinians and those affected by the situation in the occupied Palestinian territories, but in reality the largest sector of these funds was directed to the movement “Hamas ” The nascent organization of the group in Palestine.
After the events of September 11, 2001, the American administration announced the freezing of funds and assets belonging to the organization, which was rejected by the entities affiliated with the brothers in America, and in 2008 the American judiciary issued prison terms for “Moufid Abdel Qader, Muhammad Al-Muzain, Ghassan Al-Eliashi, Shukri Abu Bakr , Abdul Rahman Odeh ”, all leaders in the organization, With periods ranging from 15 – 60 years on charges of involvement in money laundering for Hamas estimated at $ 12 million.
- Islamic Council for Public Affairs
The Council was established in 1988 by the leaders of the Islamic Center of Southern California and its departments were managed by Dr. “Hassan Hathout ” who joined the Brotherhood in 1941 by its founder “Hassan Al-Banna ” and was so influenced that he wrote a book called “Unique Contract . Ten years with Imam Hassan Al-Banna 1942 – 1952 ” to document that stage of his life, and “Hassan Hathout ” assisted in the administration of his brother “Maher ” and their colleague Dr. “Alphabet ”
The center was launched with the aim of integrating Muslims into American political life and building bridges with state institutions there by organizing a number of activities to achieve this, and the council was showing before American society that it is independent at the organizational and intellectual level from political Islam groups in the Middle East and adopts American liberal values.
- American Islamic Council
The original Eritrean “Mr. Abdul Rahman Al-Amadi ” with the support of the Muslim Brotherhood established the American Islamic Council in 1990, and it was aimed at increasing political awareness and engaging in political work among American Muslims, and the center succeeded in highlighting the Muslim community in the American political arena, and the council was able to The US House of Representatives opening a Islamic prayer delivered by the African American preacher <TAG9 Since 1996, “Hillary Clinton ” has approved the White House inviting Muslims to breakfast during the month of Ramadan each year in an annual tradition, and the Council went into hiding after the arrest of Al-Amoudi on his background accusing him of being involved in a terrorist plot of Al Qaeda in September 2003.
- American Islamic Society
Founded in 1992 in the state of Virginia by a group of elements of the Migrant Brotherhood of America and includes approximately 1000 working members, and has worked in full partnership with “the Islamic Department of North America – ICNA ” which was established in 1972 and followed the Salafi approach and followed the Pakistani Islamic Group , And the annual conferences of the two groups are held jointly This is to determine which organization has the occasion.
In 2000, this organization established the American Islamic University, which relies on the distance education system, and was its first president, the Brotherhood Leader “Salah Sultan ”, who was imbued with the ideas of “Syed Qutb ” and was one of the arms of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt To control the joints of the state after taking office in what is known as “2014 Media known as “Fourth Operations Room ”, and Case No. 8615 of 2013 Al-Azbakiya and restricted by No. 4163 of 2013 Klee, North Cairo, which occurred on 16 and 17 August 2013 and is known in the case of ” Al-Fateh Mosque events
- American Islamic Relations Council
It is one of the strongest fraternal arms in the United States, as the Organization of the Islamic Relations Council of America was founded and symbolized by the name “CARE ” in 1994 in Washington DC, by “Nihad Awad ” and ” Omar Ahmed ” People of Palestinian Assets and “ “Omar Ahmed ” who was an employee of a California advanced technology factory funded the organization at its launch, and “Nahad Awad ” and ” Ibrahim Huber ” to achieve its goals.
The association presented itself as an organization for civil liberties and defends the civil rights of Muslims in the United States, responding to malicious rumors against Islam, and training Muslim youth in underdeveloped media fields in addition to seeking to preserve democracy, and administratively overlaps with dozens of international organizations and bodies that are based on Its departments are a number of Brotherhood cadres, which is an interlocking cluster network that is difficult to track.
The organization used its role in defending the rights of Muslims and Arabs, confronting racist crimes towards them, and defending Islamic issues in influencing the American decision-making process, and using this role to influence American foreign policy to support the branches of the Muslim Brotherhood abroad, specifically in the Middle East region, and thus became that The organization plays a double two-sided role, The internal aspect of dealing with Muslim issues, which created a broad base of influence within the American interior, and an external face and is based on exploiting this influence to influence American foreign policy in favor of the Brotherhood’s agenda.
The activities of “CARE ” raised doubts about it, which prompted the American journalist “Chris Jobs ” to claim that he converted to Islam and raised his beard and approached “Anwar Al-Wakil ” Imam of the Immigration House Mosque in Washington DC, and he joined the organization with a lawsuit Training it on programs offered to Muslim youth, He closely approached its leaders over the course of a year and was able to obtain the content of 12,000 documents and a number of audio recordings and conversations that were supposed to be executed at the organization's headquarters in Washington.
“Chris Jobs ” In cooperation with his father “David Jobs ” and the American journalist “Paul Sperry ” published the content of their documents and others in a book called “Mafiauddin ” in 2012, “Jobs ” In his book, he referred to the text of one of the documents related to the annual work plan of the organization “CARE ”, which stipulated placing influence on members of Congress entrusted with them to draw up policies that may affect the lives of Muslims such as members of the justice, intelligence and national security committees As its primary goal, by planting trainees affiliated with the organization in the offices of different members of Congress, Other documents also indicated that there are millions of dollars in financial links between “CARE ” and various fraternal arms in Europe and the Middle East.
And on the impact of the book's irrefutable facts and evidence, in 2012 the Republican Representative “Michael Buckman ” Member of Congress for the State of Minnesota, ” Trent ” Attorney for the State of Arizona, ” Louis Gumret ” Attorney for the State of Texas, in addition to two other members <TA And the Ministry of Justice, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to survey the extent of the penetration reached by the Brotherhood within the corridors of the American political system.
“Tom Ronnie ” added in his speech that the Brotherhood has succeeded in the ranks of the American administration, and the American intelligence must conduct an investigation into the high positions that the group may have penetrated, whether in the army or intelligence and the direct threat that this poses to American national security, While a number of other congressmen opposed these moves on the grounds that they were racist and that the offices of all members of Congress are full of young trainees who come to Washington from around the United States and work for free, the trainees consider that they have had a rare opportunity to see the details of the work of the legislative branch.
- Islamic Fund for North America
It was established in 2001 by members of the Muslim Brotherhood and the fund is the financial portfolio through which the international organization funds its activities around the world. The fund currently owns real estate assets in more than 40 countries around the world, and controls more than 1,200 mosques in the United States of America Canada and a number of Islamic centers to serve as a platform for spreading group ideas and attracting more young people to recruit them.
It is worth noting that during the years 2002 and 2003, in light of the changes that occurred in the American interior and the new security conditions imposed by the events of September 11 and the restrictions on a large number of Islamic organizations, a conflict broke out between the Brotherhood and a number of other Islamic currents present in America, including the Salafi movement, To seize Islamic centers and platforms and try to impose control over them because of the great importance they represent in the continuation of Islamic currents in their work in one way or another through donations of Muslims abroad and the recruitment of new elements of the organization that are able to feed it with the necessary funds.
Indeed, the Brotherhood succeeded in controlling more than 70% of these centers, and the role of these centers became more evident after 2013, as it provided the necessary care to the elements of the fleeing Brotherhood of America after the June 30 revolution that excluded the Brotherhood from the rule of Egypt.
Penetration of the governance institution and decision-making circles
After establishing its bases in American society, the Brotherhood group focused on establishing a wide network of relations with members of the Congress, the White House, diplomatic corps, press and media men, clerics, cultural institutions, interfaith institutions, associations specializing in vice and addiction, and institutions working to spread justice And peace in the world.
“Abdul Rahman Al-Amadi ” Director of the American Islamic Council is a typical example of this, as he gained the confidence of the Ministry of Defense in selecting Islamic clerics dealing with the American army, and participated in the material contribution to the election campaigns of a number of American politicians, whether in Congress or the White House, “Vertical ” contributed to the campaign of the Republican He had a close relationship with former US President Bill Clinton and reported evidence of this that the vertical was visiting Libya with special permission from then-US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright despite US law stipulating that Americans should not go there, in addition to his appointment as Goodwill Ambassador for the US State during the 1990s.
Al-Amoudi contributed to the presidential campaign of former President George W. Bush, and his deputy “Sami Al-Aryan ” joined her to carry out a number of electoral work, and “Bush ” after winning appointed “Suhail Khan ” who was in close contact with the Brotherhood in the White House Public Liaison Office, which allowed the group to reach
He also participated in many seminars, conferences, closed and public sessions with American decision makers and conducting press interviews and dialogues with American newspapers on the situation of Muslims in the United States, which was reflected in the interests of the Brotherhood and achieving a number of gains within the American interior on the one hand, and serving the interests of the group in A number of countries in the world, foremost of which is the Middle East, on the other hand.
Despite the vertical interrelationships with a number of prominent personalities in American political affairs that allowed him to work with great freedom, he was arrested in September 2003 for his involvement in a terrorist plot by al-Qaeda to assassinate an Arab leader and was seized with 340,000 dollars.
Investigations revealed that the vertical transfer of millions of dollars in favor of illegal groups abroad in addition to financing the activities of Sheikh Omar Abdel Rahman in America and the Al-Amadi was sentenced to 23 years' imprisonment.
Creative chaos .. The Brotherhood, Qatar and America
After the September 11 attacks, the United States blamed the countries of the Middle East as one of the reasons for threatening their national security due to the absence of democracy and political awareness, and the American administration then saw political Islam groups, foremost of which is the Muslim Brotherhood, as the most organized and trained political Islam group that takes moderation and political action, not armed. Her title, It is possible to play a positive role in its favor, protect its national security and the security of Israel, and rein in terrorist organizations if these groups take over in the countries of the Middle East, and accordingly the American administration has decided since when to support the Brotherhood in the countries of the region to achieve gains according to the planned plan.
And US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, in a 2005 Washington Post newspaper press interview, stated the adoption of the concept of creative chaos in the Middle East with the aim of transferring Arab countries from dictatorship to democracy, which strengthened the direction of the American administration by relying on the Brotherhood in the region to implement this plan, The frequency of contacts between the group and America increased with the aim of resolving the situation and creating a state of movement to reach chaos and direct this chaos to overthrow the regimes in a number of Arab countries, especially Egypt, which was already achieved. Wherever there is chaos, the Brotherhood found something that was confirmed by events later in Egypt and Tunisia Libya and Yemen.
“The Future Forum ” was formed in Qatar in 2006 under the auspices of the American and Qatari governments, which was drafted in its corridors under the pretext of stimulating democratic reform, strengthening the role of civil society organizations, and training young people to change through the use of electronic media.
“The Academy for Change ” was also established in 2006 and was aimed at training youth cadres and civil society institutions on strategies and means of expression and change and providing the necessary tools. Beginning in 2009, many Arab youth were visiting Doha to train in the academy on a number of tactics, including moving with disturbances Between cities and regions, and work to repeat demonstrations and marches to exhaust the security forces, and work on And also try to neutralize the armed forces as much as possible. Intensive media coverage and mobilization, which was already the case in 2011.
With the arrival of Barack Obama on January 20, 2009, relations between the American administration and the Brotherhood moved to a very advanced and qualitative stage, as a number of the group's cadres were appointed to executive and advisory positions in the White House in a direction that reveals the new administration's intention to support the Brotherhood with all its tools. The speech of Barack Obama at Cairo University on June 4, 2009 is an indication of this. The leaders of the Brotherhood were an example of Saad Al-Katatni, Hazem Farouk, and Yisri Talaab at the forefront of the attendees based on official invitations from the American embassy bearing the name Obama, The American Atlantic magazine indicated in a report on June 3, 2009, one day before the visit, that Obama insisted on the participation of at least 10 senior leaders of the Muslim Brotherhood to attend his speech at Cairo University.
Months after the Cairo University Conference, the American administration organized the American, World and Islamic Conference in February 2010 in Qatar, whose agenda was based on spreading democracy and freedom in the Middle East, in addition to the American Peace Institute issuing a study entitled “The endeavor to perpetuate democracy in the great Middle East ” On January 21, 2010 it came on 73 pages that noted in its concluding recommendations the need to launch democratic transformations in the Middle East and North Claiming that the current regimes oppress their people and are illegal and must be replaced.
In January 2011, Qatar organized a conference “Arab youth media ” under the title “The future of youth and media in the Arab world ” for a period of 4 days, and the Undersecretary of the Ministry of Culture “Khaled Youssef Al Mulla ” Ahmed Abdel-Atty <TA Most of the conference workshops were on the use of modern technologies to bring about fundamental changes in Arab society.
In the same month, Qatar also organized the “Island Forum for Internet Journalism ”, during which “Waddah Khanfar ” The general manager of the island at the time announced the launch of “Communication, Transparency and Blogging Unit ” with the aim of devoting transparency and knowledge to the Arab citizen And the need for Arab systems to review their media policies, Blogs and websites are among the most prominent tools that the group used at that time to achieve its goals.
Obama's Presidential Order
The New York Times published on February 16, 2011 the Presidential Order Document issued under the title Presidential Study Directive 11 and its symbol PSD 11 signed by Barack Obama on August 12, 2010, and the document indicates that the goal of the presidential order is to conduct a presidential study on change in the countries of the region, foremost of which is Egypt, by forming a team that included Dennis Ross, chief adviser to the president for the Middle East, Samantha Power is responsible for the Human Rights Issues File at the US National Security Council, and Gail Smith is director of the United States Agency for International Development. The team held extensive weekly meetings with experts from the State Department, the CIA and other relevant authorities.
Although the report on the presidential order came in 18 pages and was supposed to include a discussion of democratic conditions in a number of countries in the region, Egypt won the largest share of the report according to Obama's directives, as a participating source in the meetings indicated a refusal to reveal his identity to the New York Times “That there is no doubt that Egypt was occupying Obama greatly ”.
The weekly meetings committee for the study of the presidential order held several meetings a month and a half after preparing the report of the committee with a number of experts “Egypt's working group ” at the Carnegie Center for Research and Studies in the presence of two of the most prominent members of the US National Security Council “Pradeep Rammorthy ” Director of Global Engagement, <TAG1 Attended from “Egypt Working Group ” Elliot Abrams, Daniel Kalingert, Scott Carpenter, Michelle Dunn, Robert Keegan, Brian Katolis and Tom Malinovsky, in addition to Andrew Albertson and Maria McFarland from Human Rights Watch, and Robert Sattlov from the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, to discuss support for political reform in Egypt, which is certain to be the largest group of the Brotherhood
The study concluded the necessity of bringing about comprehensive political changes in the region and changing its systems of government, which is confirmed by Hillary Clinton's statements on January 13, 2011 in the future forum in Doha, as it criticized Arab leaders and leaders for resisting change, and the day immediately following the events of Tunisia and Egypt followed on January 25 The Brotherhood was the common and fundamental denominator in events in both countries.
In light of the results of the presidential study, the American administration decided to adopt a strategy based on supporting political Islam groups to take over the reins of government after displacing the ruling regimes and reshaping the Middle East and the Arab world using the Muslim Brotherhood, to be similar to the Turkish state, applying the Justice and Development Party model, and allowing the Brotherhood to reach power In Egypt and other Arab countries.
This was already done in Egypt after the events of January 2011, and the lines of communication became hot between the group and the American agencies, foremost of which is the CIA. With a number of US foreign and national security officials.
In August 2011, the US administration changed Ambassador “Margaret Scooby ” and appointed Ambassador “Ann Patterson ” The American ambassador to Afghanistan at the time, and upon receiving “Patterson ” The working wheel arranged a meeting between “Bill Burns <TA This was followed by numerous meetings with the leaders of the group, led by Muhammad Badi, the general guide of the Muslim Brotherhood
Source: https://marsad.ecss.com.eg/61027/
Egypt Auther : Salah Wahba